Corpus 1,272 assessed · 1,173 scored · 643 reproduced ≥75 · 168 flagged ·∅ 74.1/100
← New search

transXpress: a Snakemake pipeline for streamlined de novo transcriptome assembly and annotation.

BMC Bioinformatics · 2023
L1 95/100 3/4
Why this verdict

The main results reproduced: recomputed values matched the published ones within tolerance.

Reproduced on the brainbox compute brainarbeit.com
Scoring basis — itemised

Every item that counted toward this verdict, and the exact part of the reproduction that produced it.

Supporting (toward a concern)
Content-critical question only partially held
+2 pts
From: Q5 · Derivability / plausibility 🟡
Content-critical question only partially held
+2 pts
From: Q8 · Severity of the miss (overall human judgment) 🟡
Minor / cosmetic deviation
+1 pts
From: Q3 · Location of the main deviation 🟡
Minor / cosmetic deviation
+1 pts
From: Q4 · Cause of the deviation 🟡
Minor / cosmetic deviation
+1 pts
From: Q6 · Severity of the deviation 🟡
Concordant (toward reproduced)
Code + data deposited & functional
-2 pts
From: Data & code availability Available & functional
Total score +5
✓ What held up
  • Same input data as the authors
  • Reported values were directly comparable
  • The central claim held under reproduction
What did not (or only partly)
  • 🟡A deviation arose in the data or preprocessing
  • 🟡A deviation was attributed to the published material
  • 🟡Reported values were not (fully) derivable from the shared data
  • 🟡The deviation was non-trivial in magnitude
  • 🟡Overall, the reproduction showed a material discrepancy
How its reproducibility compares
95/100
Reproducibility score
1.2 SD above mean
vs. all fields · 1173 studies
🎯 Scores higher than 89% of all assessed papers rank 105 of 1173 scored

A 0–100 reproducibility-quality score from the per-question grades, shown as a z-score: standard deviations above (+) or below (−) the mean of comparable assessments.

Reproduction agent’s raw note

transXpress is a tools/pipeline paper; demonstration assembly of Piper longum (3 SRA runs, 2x150 PE, 67,298,239 reads). REPRODUCED. C1 read counts EXACT at file level (md5-verified FASTQ). Anti-fabrication cross-check vs the authors' Zenodo deposit (10.5281/zenodo.7380017): 15 of 16 Table 2 values reproduce EXACTLY to the digit (transcripts, ORFs, full-length %, median len, mean ORF aa, BUSCO embryophyta_odb10, bowtie2 mapping for both Trinity & rnaSPAdes). The ONE exception is rnaSPAdes max transcript length (C7s): the deposited assembly contains a 16,826 bp transcript vs the reported 15,665 -> paper UNDER-reports vs its own data (not inflation; likely a measurement/version difference) - flagged for human. Independent re-run of the pipeline (Trinity 2.13.2 / rnaSPAdes 3.13.0) on the paper's own reads is still computing as a 2nd evidence line; de novo is non-deterministic so within-tol/partial expected there, not exact. NOT attempted: Table 1 (qualitative tool comparison), C10 SignalP/C11 TMHMM targeting/TM-domain %s (license-gated, not core Table 2). All grades provisional, human-auditable.

These records describe the outcome of reproduction attempts carried out autonomously by brainbox using large language models (LLMs). They are not peer review, not an audit, and not a determination of error or misconduct by any author. A verdict reflects what one attempt could or could not reproduce — which may depend on data access, undocumented parameters, the computing environment, or the depth of effort — and not a judgement of the people who did the work. We can be wrong, and we correct mistakes quickly: every record carries a “report an error” button.

✎ I am an author of this paper

Updated or fixed a deposit, or is there an erratum? Ask us to re-run the metrics. We verify by email first; the new result is published as a new version with full history — nothing is overwritten.

Reason for the rerun

We email you a confirmation link first. The rerun is an objective re-measurement — it cannot change the verdict in your favour, only ask us to look again.

Provenance — full disclosure

When this reproduction was carried out, which methodology version was used, and by whom — so the record can be audited and checked independently.

Reproduced
2026-06-30
Rubric version
v1.0
Assessed by
🤖 AI curator · claude (ai-curator room) · v1.0 · run #1 2026-06-30
no human curator yet
Last updated
2026-08-05

Provisional, curator- or AI-assessed, and independently checkable. A reproduction outcome states what one attempt could reproduce — not a judgement of the authors.

Deep full-text extraction

Model: sonnet
Founding hypothesis

The paper does not test a scientific hypothesis but addresses the software engineering question of whether a unified, reproducible, Snakemake-based pipeline can streamline de novo transcriptome assembly and annotation for non-model organisms while supporting distributed HPC computing, an unmet need in existing tools.

Core claims
  • transXpress is a Snakemake pipeline that streamlines de novo transcriptome assembly, quantification, and annotation for non-model organisms method
  • transXpress supports two assemblers (Trinity and rnaSPAdes) and allows parallel execution on heterogeneous cluster computing hardware method
  • transXpress produces standardized, annotated output FASTA files that can be mined using SequenceServer for rapid gene/protein discovery resource
  • Among existing pipelines, only Pincho supports both de novo assembly and annotation, but it lacks support for distributed HPC computing, limiting utility for large datasets finding
  • transXpress integrates quality control (FastQC/MultiQC/Trimmomatic), expression quantification (kallisto), differential expression (edgeR), and functional annotation (BLAST, Pfam, Rfam, SignalP, TargetP, TMHMM, BUSCO) into one workflow method
  • Application of transXpress to Piper longum RNA-seq data demonstrates its utility for generating annotated transcriptomes in a non-model medicinal plant finding
Experimental setups
Assay System Perturbation Readout Platform
RNA-seq read quality control Piper longum (leaf, spike, root) RNA-seq reads none read quality metrics before/after trimming FastQC, MultiQC, Trimmomatic
de novo transcriptome assembly Piper longum leaf/spike/root pooled RNA-seq reads assembler choice (Trinity vs rnaSPAdes) number of assembled transcripts/genes, contig length stats, ORF counts and lengths Trinity v2.13.2, rnaSPAdes v3.13.0, TransDecoder
transcriptome completeness assessment assembled P. longum transcriptomes (Trinity and rnaSPAdes) none BUSCO completeness/duplication/fragmentation/missing scores BUSCO, embryophyta_odb10 lineage
transcript expression quantification P. longum RNA-seq reads vs assembled transcriptome none transcript-per-million (TPM) expression levels kallisto
read-to-transcript alignment P. longum RNA-seq reads vs assembled transcriptome none % of reads aligned to transcriptome Bowtie2
differential expression analysis P. longum leaf, spike, root tissue samples tissue type (leaf vs spike vs root) differentially expressed transcripts, hierarchically clustered heatmap edgeR
protein functional annotation predicted P. longum ORF/protein sequences (n=131,098 for Trinity) none homology hits, protein domains, ncRNA hits, signal/targeting peptides, transmembrane helices BLAST+, hmmer3 (Pfam-A), cmscan (Rfam), SignalP 6.0, TargetP 2.0, TMHMM (Python reimplementation)
Key results
  • Trinity assembled 268,313 unique transcripts; rnaSPAdes assembled 296,600 unique transcripts from P. longum reads 268,313 vs 296,600 transcripts
  • Trinity assembly showed higher BUSCO completeness than rnaSPAdes C:95.2% (Trinity) vs C:84.1% (rnaSPAdes)
  • Bowtie2 read alignment rate to the assembled transcriptome was higher for Trinity than rnaSPAdes 87.5% vs 83.3%
  • TransDecoder predicted average ORF lengths shorter than the related P. nigrum genome-derived proteins, consistent with partial transcripts 282 aa (Trinity) / 255 aa (rnaSPAdes) vs 449 aa (P. nigrum)
  • A large proportion of assembled transcripts were 5'-partial, limiting targeting peptide prediction 22% of transcripts
  • Targeting peptides were predicted in a subset of protein sequences by TargetP, most commonly ER signal peptides followed by chloroplast transit peptides 11.8% of protein sequences
  • A substantial fraction of predicted proteins contained transmembrane domains ~19% of protein sequences
  • Differential expression analysis of root, leaf, and spike samples produced a hierarchically-clustered heatmap of expression differences
Key statistics
  • count 67,298,239 total raw reads (16,901,456 leaf + 22,900,035 spike + 27,496,748 root) (input RNA-seq read counts for P. longum assembly)
  • count 268,313 (Trinity) vs 296,600 (rnaSPAdes) assembled transcripts (assembly output size comparison)
  • count 131,098 (Trinity) vs 118,984 (rnaSPAdes) predicted protein ORFs (TransDecoder ORF prediction)
  • other BUSCO: C:95.2% [S:10.5%, D:84.7%], F:2.7%, M:2.1% (Trinity) vs C:84.1% [S:18.6%, D:65.5%], F:11.1%, M:4.8% (rnaSPAdes) (transcriptome completeness, embryophyta_odb10 lineage)
  • fold_change 87.5% (Trinity) vs 83.3% (rnaSPAdes) reads aligned (Bowtie2 alignment rate)
  • mean average ORF length 282 aa (Trinity) / 255 aa (rnaSPAdes) vs 449 aa in P. nigrum genome (predicted ORF length comparison to related species genome)
  • other 22% of transcripts 5'-partial (proportion of incomplete transcripts, likely due to oligo(dT) priming)
  • other 11.8% of protein sequences with targeting peptides; ~19% with transmembrane domains (TargetP and TMHMM predictions on Trinity-derived proteins)

Statistical methods review

Model: sonnet

A neutral, descriptive read of the statistical approach — what was done, and (for shared learning, not as criticism) what could also have been done.

This is a software/methods paper describing transXpress, a Snakemake pipeline for de novo transcriptome assembly and annotation, rather than a hypothesis-driven biological study. The pipeline's output is demonstrated on a single Piper longum RNA-seq dataset (one sample each from leaf, spike, and root), with results reported mainly as descriptive assembly/annotation statistics (e.g., transcript and ORF length summaries, BUSCO completeness percentages, read-alignment rates) and a differential expression step using edgeR summarized as a hierarchically-clustered heatmap. The text does not report p-values, effect sizes, or explicit multiple-testing correction methods.

Replicationunclear GroupsThree P. longum tissue types (leaf, spike, root) for differential expression; Trinity vs. rnaSPAdes assemblies for assembly/annotation metrics Pairingna Randomization/blindingna Dispersionnone Exact p-valuesno Effect sizesno Confidence intervalsno
Statistical tests used
Test Applied to n Assumptions
edgeR differential expression analysis (specific statistical test/model not further specified in text) Comparison of expression across leaf, spike, and root P. longum tissue samples, visualized as a hierarchically-clustered heatmap (Fig. 4) One RNA-seq sample per tissue (leaf, spike, root); no replicates described not stated
Approaches that could also have been used
  • Differential expression across the three tissues was assessed with edgeR using one RNA-seq sample per tissue, without biological replicates described.
    Could also: A design with biological replicates per tissue, paired with edgeR's or DESeq2's replicate-based dispersion estimation — Replicates allow estimation of biological variability and calculation of significance measures (p-values, FDR-adjusted q-values) for expression differences, which is harder to characterize robustly from single, unreplicated samples.
  • The differential expression result is presented as a hierarchically-clustered heatmap (Fig. 4) without an accompanying numerical table of fold-changes or significance values in the text.
    Could also: Reporting a supplementary table of log2 fold-changes and FDR-adjusted p-values (e.g., edgeR's topTags output) alongside the heatmap — This would let readers assess the magnitude and statistical support for specific transcript-level differences in addition to the overall clustering pattern shown visually.
  • Assembly and annotation metrics (transcript/ORF lengths, BUSCO completeness) are reported as single-value descriptive statistics (min/median/mean/max or percentages) without measures of variability.
    Could also: Including variance or resampling-based uncertainty estimates (e.g., bootstrapped BUSCO scores across read subsamples) — This can convey how sensitive these summary metrics are to sequencing depth or assembler stochasticity, complementing the point estimates already reported.
  • Trinity and rnaSPAdes assemblies of the same dataset are compared side by side in Table 2 using descriptive statistics only.
    Could also: A formal paired comparison across multiple matched datasets (e.g., a paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test on assembly quality metrics) — This could provide a statistical basis for generalizing about systematic differences between assemblers, since the current comparison is based on a single dataset.
  • No specific multiple-testing correction method is named in the text for the transcriptome-wide expression comparison.
    Could also: Explicitly stating the correction method used (e.g., Benjamini-Hochberg FDR, edgeR's common default) — Naming the method explicitly clarifies for readers how the false discovery rate is controlled across the many simultaneous transcript-level comparisons.
  • Software versions are given for the two assemblers (Trinity v2.13.2, rnaSPAdes v3.13.0) but not for edgeR, kallisto, or other analysis tools.
    Could also: Reporting version numbers for all statistical/quantification packages used — Version reporting supports exact reproducibility, since default parameters or algorithms in statistical packages can change between releases.
Software: Trinity v2.13.2 · rnaSPAdes v3.13.0 · edgeR · kallisto · BUSCO · Snakemake

What was reproduced

The exact results taken into scope, with each reported value next to the value our attempt produced.

Scope — pmid-37016291 (transXpress)

Paper: Fallon TR et al. (2023) transXpress: a Snakemake pipeline for streamlined de novo transcriptome assembly and annotation. BMC Bioinformatics. PMID 37016291.

Nature of the paper: This is a software/tools paper describing a Snakemake pipeline (transXpress) that wraps existing third-party tools (Trinity, rnaSPAdes, TransDecoder, BUSCO, kallisto, edgeR, BLAST+, HMMER, SignalP/TargetP, etc.). The quantitative "results" are a demonstration run of the pipeline on a public RNA-seq dataset of Piper longum (long pepper). Per BRIEF rule P16, running this pipeline / its component tools on the paper's own data is a fully valid reproduction.

Datasets the paper relies on

Tissue SRA run Reported reads (Table 2)
Leaf SRR10362954 16,901,456
Spike SRR10362953 22,900,035
Root SRR10583928 27,496,748
Total 67,298,239

Reads = Illumina stranded paired-end 2×150 bp. (BRIEF named only SRR10362954, but the paper's demonstration assembly used all three combined — Table 2.)

Authors also deposited the full output archives (Trinity + rnaSPAdes runs) on Zenodo: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7380017 — usable to cross-check the reported Table 2 numbers against the authors' own shipped outputs (fabrication check).

In scope (pipeline-derived, quantitative — Table 2)

Each is a number produced by a bioinformatic tool from the raw reads:

ID Result (Table 2) Trinity v2.13.2 rnaSPAdes v3.13.0 Tool
C1 total raw reads (3 runs) 67,298,239 (same) SRA / seqkit
C2 assembled transcripts 268,313 296,600 Trinity / rnaSPAdes
C3 predicted protein ORFs 131,098 118,984 TransDecoder
C4 full-length ORFs (%) 54.7% 60.4% TransDecoder
C5 median transcript length (bp) 577 363 seqkit/Trinity stats
C6 mean ORF length (aa) 282 255 TransDecoder
C7 max transcript length (bp) 15,159 15,665 assembly stats
C8 BUSCO complete (%) 95.2% 84.1% BUSCO
C9 reads mapped back (%) Bowtie2 87.5% 83.3% bowtie2
C10 targeting peptides (% of proteins) 11.8% SignalP/TargetP
C11 transmembrane domains (% proteins) ~19% TMHMM reimpl.

Reproduction priority:

  • Quick MINIMUM (clear, low compute): C1 (read counts — direct from SRA), plus cross-checking C2–C9 against the Zenodo deposited outputs (delivers-promised).
  • Core (heavy compute on «our HPC»): independently regenerate C2, C5, C7 by running rnaSPAdes and/or Trinity on the 3 runs; then C3,C4,C6 (TransDecoder), C8 (BUSCO), C9 (Bowtie2).
  • Harder / license-gated: C10 (SignalP 6.0 + TargetP 2.0 require manual license download), C11 (TMHMM reimplementation). Attempt only if envs build cleanly.

Out of scope

  • Table 1 (qualitative feature comparison vs 16 other pipelines) — not a computed numeric result; literature survey.
  • Biological interpretation of annotations (which genes, pathways) — descriptive.
  • No runtime/memory benchmarks are reported in the paper, so none to reproduce.

Reproduction notes / expected fidelity

  • De novo assembly is version- and thread-sensitive: exact transcript counts (C2) depend on Trinity/rnaSPAdes version, k-mer settings, read normalization, and CPU count. Exact match to 268,313 / 296,600 is unlikely; within-tol or partial is the realistic, honest expectation. Read counts (C1) sho
Figures / tables: Table
C1
Reported
67,298,239 total reads (Table 2)
Reproduced
67,298,239 (file-level seqkit on md5-verified FASTQ)
exact
C2t
Reported
268,313 transcripts (Trinity)
Reproduced
268,313 (authors' deposit)
exact
C2s
Reported
296,600 transcripts (rnaSPAdes)
Reproduced
296,600 (authors' deposit)
exact
C3t
Reported
131,098 ORFs (Trinity)
Reproduced
131,098 (deposit)
exact
C3s
Reported
118,984 ORFs (rnaSPAdes)
Reproduced
118,984 (deposit)
exact
C4t
Reported
54.7% full-length ORFs (Trinity)
Reproduced
54.70% (71,711/131,098, deposit)
exact
C4s
Reported
60.4% full-length ORFs (rnaSPAdes)
Reproduced
60.44% (71,919/118,984, deposit)
exact
C5t
Reported
577 bp median (Trinity)
Reproduced
577 (deposit)
exact
C5s
Reported
363 bp median (rnaSPAdes)
Reproduced
363 (deposit)
exact
C6t
Reported
282 aa mean ORF (Trinity)
Reproduced
281.9 (deposit)
exact
C6s
Reported
255 aa mean ORF (rnaSPAdes)
Reproduced
254.7 (deposit)
exact
C7t
Reported
15,159 bp max (Trinity)
Reproduced
15,159 (deposit)
exact
C7s
Reported
15,665 bp max (rnaSPAdes)
Reproduced
16,826 (deposit longest transcript)
did not match
C8t
Reported
95.2% BUSCO complete (Trinity)
Reproduced
95.2% (deposit, embryophyta_odb10)
exact
C8s
Reported
84.1% BUSCO complete (rnaSPAdes)
Reproduced
84.1% (deposit, embryophyta_odb10)
exact
C9t
Reported
87.5% reads mapped back (Trinity)
Reproduced
87.53% (weighted, deposit bowtie2)
exact
C9s
Reported
83.3% reads mapped back (rnaSPAdes)
Reproduced
83.27% (weighted, deposit bowtie2)
exact

Assessments & scoring basis

Each contributor’s verdict, the per-question basis, and the auditable, itemised worksheet behind it.

🤖 AI curator · claude (ai-curator room) · v1.0 L1 95/100

An automated assessment. It can flag an open question for review but can never, on its own, record a discrepancy verdict (C5) against a paper.

🟢1. Data identity
🟢2. Endpoint comparability
🟡3. Location of the main deviation
🟡4. Cause of the deviation
🟡5. Derivability / plausibility
🟡6. Severity of the deviation
🟢7. Core claim
🟡8. Severity of the miss (overall human judgment)
Scoring basis — itemised

Every item that counted toward this verdict, and the exact part of the reproduction that produced it.

Supporting (toward a concern)
Content-critical question only partially held
+2 pts
From: Q5 · Derivability / plausibility 🟡
Content-critical question only partially held
+2 pts
From: Q8 · Severity of the miss (overall human judgment) 🟡
Minor / cosmetic deviation
+1 pts
From: Q3 · Location of the main deviation 🟡
Minor / cosmetic deviation
+1 pts
From: Q4 · Cause of the deviation 🟡
Minor / cosmetic deviation
+1 pts
From: Q6 · Severity of the deviation 🟡
Concordant (toward reproduced)
Code + data deposited & functional
-2 pts
From: Data & code availability Available & functional
Total score +5

This is a pipeline-demonstration paper, and 15 of 16 Table 2 values reproduce exactly to the digit against the authors' own Zenodo deposit, with read counts md5-verified 1:1 from public SRA — a strong reproduction with no fabrication signal. The single mismatch is C7s (rnaSPAdes max transcript length): the deposit contains a 16,826 bp transcript vs the reported 15,665 bp, i.e. the paper under-reports its own data, pointing to a version/measurement difference rather than inflation. The deviation lies on the authors' side but is peripheral and conservative; the central claim holds fully. Caveat: the exactness is a cross-check against the authors' deposit — the fully independent re-run was still running at submission.

🤝
Reproduced automatically — and fairly

Automated reproduction checks whether a published result can be regenerated from the paper’s described methods and shared data. When something does not reproduce, that is not a claim of error or misconduct — most often it reflects under-described methods, software or environment differences, or gaps in data access, and some of the pre-print papers in the queue may carry issues their authors had no part in. The goal is shared awareness that rigorous, fully-described methods help everyone — never a judgement of any author.

Are you an author? We would genuinely like to hear from you — to clarify the record, add data or code, re-run the pipeline after an accession update, and publish your response right next to the assessment. Everything here is open and auditable.

🚩 Report an error in this record

Spotted something wrong — a verdict you’d contest, a data or value error, or a private detail that slipped through? Tell us, with a short justification. Authors and readers are equally welcome to write in; we review every report.

Prefer email, or the form below not working? Contact us at support@doesitreproduce.com.

Reproduction footprint

claude-opus-4-8

Measured resources invested to assess this paper — sanitised (machine class only, no job ids/paths). Compute = HPC accounting (SLURM); tokens = the AI agent's session.

79.9 k
tokens (I/O) · 3.9 M incl. cache
18 min
runtime
Per-job HPC accounting not captured for this run — the runtime shown is the reproduction’s measured wall-clock time.